Endpoint Forensics

The Forensics Process

  1. Data Acquisition
  2. Data Recovery
  3. Data Analysis
  4. Data Report

Contain | Remediate | Restore

DISK | MEMORY | NETWORK | REGISTRY | LOG ANALYSIS

Disk Imaging, Recovery, and Analysis

FTK Imager | DD

  • Acquisition - File -> Create Disk Image - Physical Drive
  • Analysis - File -> Add Evidence Item - Image File Analysis - Autopsy GUI (SluethKit)

Memory

Why?

System Process Running services Passwords Accessed Files and Multimedia Running Applications Email/Chats | Browser Sessions | Clipboard | Malware

FTK Imager Acquisition - File -> Capture Memory

Windows Memory

pagefile.sys used to store virtual memory hiberfil.sys - created when windows hybernates swapfile.sys - used to store idle and inactive process data

VM Memory

.vmem vmware.vmem Virtual Machine volatile memory file .vmss vmname.vmss Virtual machine suspend file https://kb.vmware.com/s/article/2003941 https://github.com/onSec-fr/VBoxDump-GUI

Volatility Address Space Support

Address Spaces ————–

  • AMD64PagedMemory - Standard AMD 64-bit address space.
  • ArmAddressSpace - Address space for ARM processors
  • FileAddressSpace - This is a direct file AS.
  • HPAKAddressSpace - This AS supports the HPAK format
  • IA32PagedMemory - Standard IA-32 paging address space.
  • IA32PagedMemoryPae - This class implements the IA-32 PAE paging address space. It is responsible
  • LimeAddressSpace - Address space for Lime
  • LinuxAMD64PagedMemory - Linux-specific AMD 64-bit address space.
  • MachOAddressSpace - Address space for mach-o files to support atc-ny memory reader
  • OSXPmemELF - This AS supports VirtualBox ELF64 coredump format
  • QemuCoreDumpElf - This AS supports Qemu ELF32 and ELF64 coredump format
  • SkipDuplicatesAMD64PagedMemory - Windows 8/10-specific AMD 64-bit address space.
  • VMWareAddressSpace - This AS supports VMware snapshot (VMSS) and saved state (VMSS) files
  • VMWareMetaAddressSpace - This AS supports the VMEM format with VMSN/VMSS metadata
  • VirtualBoxCoreDumpElf64 - This AS supports VirtualBox ELF64 coredump format
  • WindowsAMD64PagedMemory - Windows-specific AMD 64-bit address space.
  • WindowsCrashDumpSpace32 - This AS supports windows Crash Dump format
  • WindowsCrashDumpSpace64 - This AS supports windows Crash Dump format
  • WindowsCrashDumpSpace64BitMap - This AS supports Windows BitMap Crash Dump format
  • WindowsHiberFileSpace32 - This is a hibernate address space for windows hibernation files.

Registry

Acquisition

  • regedit: Right Click Computer -> Export save as .reg
  • reg export HKLM\
  • FTK Imager - File -> Obtain -> Protected Files -> Password recovery and all registry files – To extract from forensic image: search directory path %SystemRoot%\System32\Config. Right click the file you want and select export. For NTUSER.DAT repeat the procedure at C:\Users\$user$ RECmd - https://github.com/EricZimmerman/RECmd
  • check for dirty hives

Extra

Arsenal Image Mounter https://arsenalrecon.com/products/ Kape https://www.nirsoft.net/ ShellBags Explorer https://www.sans.org/blog/computer-forensic-artifacts-windows-7-shellbags/ JumpList Explorer Magnet Axiom SQL Lite Browser https://github.com/sqlitebrowser/sqlitebrowser https://twitter.com/ericrzimmerman/status/968897244232671234?lang=en Shadow Explorer https://www.shadowexplorer.com/downloads.html